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The topic of oral cancer in discussed in a separate Patient Information sheet

While nicotine is not a carcinogen, it is still addictive, and many agencies fear that e-cigarettes may actually increase the odds that vapers become addicted to other substances

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This research is a powerful reminder of the urgent need to address cigarette smoking as the leading preventable cause of death and disease in the UK.

KHAT AND SYSTEMIC HEALTH Several studies have examined the long-term effects of khat, including a systematic review and meta-analysis that suggests it increases risk for heart failure, arrhythmia, myocardial infarction and stroke