glutathione peroxidase activity in selenium deficient rat liver The family: Discoveries and mechanism Selenium – Human Nutrition [DEPRECATED]

[DOI] [PubMed] [Google Scholar] 51.Chen G., Du X., Cui J., Song J., Xiong M., Zeng X., Yang H., Xu K

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PMID: 28681177

These ROS directly impair pancreatic -cell function by suppressing insulin gene expression (via PDX-1 inactivation) and triggering apoptosis through JNK and NF-B pathways, thereby reducing insulin secretion (Kaneto et al., 2022)

Gut 35 , 360362 (1994)

According to the exploration results of the T1D patients or models, the following bacteria were mainly increased in abundance: Bifidobacterium longum (166, 167), Eubacterium rectale (168), Bacteroides uniformis (169), Lachnospira spp., Intestinimonas spp., Micrococcales spp (170)., Actinomyces spp (171)., Bacteroides spp (172)., Prevotella spp (168)., Ruminococcus spp (173)., and Veillonella spp (174)., whereas the bacterium with decreased abundance mainly includes butyrate-producing bacterium, lactic acid-producing bacterium, and mucin-degrading bacterium, such as Lactococcus , Lactobacillus ( 173), Streptococcus (174), Bifidobacterium , Proteobacteria (172), Subdoligranulum , Roseburia , Eubacterium , Anaerostipes (175), FP (176, 177), Clostridium clusters IV (178, 179), and XIVa (180, 181)