macula melanotica genital Mystery behind labial and oral melanotic macules: Clinical, dermoscopic and pathological aspects of Laugier-Hunziker syndrome Atypical pigmented macule of the

ATP Yield (Calculation for Palmitate 16 Carbons) Activation cost: -2 ATP Cycles required: 7 (produces 7 NADH and 7 FADH) Acetyl-CoA produced: 8 ATP from 7 NADH (x 2.5): 17.5 ATP ATP from 7 FADH (x 1.5): 10.5 ATP ATP from 8 Acetyl-CoA in TCA/ETC (x 10): 80 ATP Total Net Yield: 106 ATP (Compare this to the ~30-32 ATP from glucose!) Deep Dive: [ -Oxidation of Fatty Acids ] | [ Alpha Oxidation of Fatty Acids ] Palmitic acid (C:) undergoes 7 cycles of -oxidation , producing: 8 acetyl-CoA 7 FADH 7 NADH Total ATP yield: From the TCA cycle: 8 10 = 80 ATP From FADH: 7 1.5 = 10.5 ATP From NADH: 7 2.5 = 17.5 ATP Total = 108 ATP Minus activation cost (2 ATP) Net yield = 106 ATP This high ATP yield explains why fats are superior energy stores

Tsoi J, Robert L, Paraiso K, Galvan C, Sheu KM, Lay J, et al

A genomic perspective on HLA evolution

L-carnitine injections may also help increase mitochondrial function, which plays a key role in disease and healthy aging

Belgium hosted the return of the Olympics

Blood 89(10):3607-14, 1997