ishigaki glutathione intake Frontiers The Glutathione System: A New

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A clinical trial found that 2 g/day of Nigella sativa seeds for 12 weeks significantly reduced fasting glucose by 14% in type-2 diabetic patients compared to placebo (NIH)

It has been studied for over 30 years across 100+ publications for its role in tissue repair, gut healing, and anti-inflammatory activity

Similarly, neither of these studies involved implanting the hydrogel into the load-bearing intervertebral discs of live animals to observe their performance over the long term (Cai et al., 2025) developed a multiscale mechanically adapted viscoelastic double-network hydrogel (PVA-DN) that mimics the mechanical properties of native nucleus pulposus tissue, promoting the proliferation and ECM secretion of NPCs while reducing the inflammatory microenvironment, providing a novel strategy for the repair of intervertebral disc degeneration

doi: 10.3390/nu12082263